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J.D. Curriculum

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

 
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REQUIRED COURSES

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ELECTIVE COURSES

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LITIGATION AND PRACTICE SKILLS

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SEMINARS


Last revised: April 25, 2008
(This includes all changes through the issuance of the Fall 2008 Schedule of Classes.)

IMPORTANT NOTES: 
Not all elective courses and seminars are offered each year. Some elective courses are only offered during the evening hours, beginning at 6:00 p.m. or later. The Law School reserves the right to add, delete, or change any course, or the credit for any course, or the courses required for graduation, at any time. Some elective courses and all seminars and clinical programs have limited enrollments and may not be available for every student who wants to take them. Course descriptions that have been added or revised since 2001 are indicated by a notation of the date the description was added or revised.


[Elective Courses] [Litigation and Practice Skills] [Seminars

REQUIRED COURSES

Doctrinal Courses

Law 258 Civil Procedure. A study of basic restrictions upon the procedural systems of both the federal and state courts, and various aspects of civil litigation in the federal system. The course focuses on the requirements of due process as a limitation upon the personal jurisdiction that courts may exercise over defendants and on the subject matter jurisdiction of the federal courts imposed by Article III and congressional legislation. The course also addresses pleadings, challenges and amendments to pleadings, pretrial discovery, adjudication without trial, and other procedural issues. Five credit hours.


Law 275 Constitutional Law. This course provides an introduction to the fundamental law of the United States as set forth in the Constitution and developed primarily by the United States Supreme Court. It addresses Supreme Court review, separation of powers, federalism, and the protection of individual rights under the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses. Specific topics include the Commerce Clause, race and sex discrimination, abortion and the right to privacy, and the concept of state action. These topics are explored in the context of the historical and theoretical foundations of American constitutionalism, including the role of the Supreme Court in American government and the controversy over different approaches to constitutional interpretation. Four credit hours.
Law 251 Contracts. A study of issues of contract formation, interpretation, breach, defenses, and remedies. Contract doctrines such as "consideration" and "offer and acceptance" and modern deviations from the traditional model are presented, as are various defenses to the prima facie case of contractual obligation. These include the traditional defenses of duress, misrepresentation, mistake, impossibility, and frustration. The contract remedies of monetary damages, specific performance, rescission and reformation are also explored. Among the other issues that may be studied are the parol evidence rule, the statute of frauds, and the rights of third party beneficiaries. Five credit hours.
Law 257 Criminal Law. A study of the general principles of criminal liability, including the justification of punishment, general concepts of act and fault, principles of justification and excuse, the significance of resulting harm, and accountability for acts of others. Certain specific crimes, such as murder and manslaughter, are also examined. Modern statutory developments provide a significant focus for study. Three credit hours.
Law 206 Legislative Process. This course provides an introduction to the creation, implementation, and interpretation of statutes. Topics addressed in the course include: how a statutue works its way through the legislative system; the roles that different institutions play in a statute's passage, interpretation, and enforcement; alternatives to our legislative processes; the ways in which statutues embody public policy; theories and doctrines of statutory interpretation; and the role of coures in the interpretive process. Three credit hours.
(added 8/05)
Law 415 Professional Responsibility. This course is designed to prepare students to recognize and deal with ethical issues in the practice of law. Topics investigated include: conflicts of interest, actual and potential, and the limits on representation required; confidentiality in the context of an adversarial system; lawyers' responsibilities as advocates in and out of the courtroom; ethical problems encountered by corporate and government lawyers; special problems facing prosecution and criminal defense lawyers; advertising and solicitation; and admission to the Bar. Actual and hypothetical problems are analyzed in light of the Code of Professional Responsibility and the Model Rules of Professional Conduct, subjecting both sets of rules to critical analysis. Two credit hours.
Law 261 Property. An introduction to the law of property. Topics include: the meaning of ownership, including the right to exclude and the right to use reasonably; methods of acquiring ownership; the division of ownership into present and future interests; landlord and tenant law; multiple ownership; non-possessory interests and private arrangements for the control of use. Four credit hours.
Law 253 Torts. An introduction to the basic principles of liability for harm caused to the person or property of others. The basic topics covered include the general elements of the plaintiffs prima facie case (legal injury, tortious conduct, actual causation and proximate causation), the various types of tortious conduct (intentional negligence, etc.), the relevant privileges and defenses that can be raised by the defendant (e.g. defense of self or others, contributory negligence, and consent or assumption of risk), and the underlying principles or policies justifying and limiting liability. Additional topics may be covered, such as various types of traditional strict liability (e.g. liability for nuisances and ultra hazardous activities), an introduction to modern products liability, vicarious liability, immunities, types of damages and other remedies, and allocation of liability among multiple responsible parties. Five credit hours.
Legal Writing Courses
Students who begin law school in Fall 2002 or after are required to take Legal Writing 1, Legal Writing 2, Legal Writing 3, Legal Writing 4, and a seminar. Students who began law school prior to Fall 2002 should see the Assistant Dean for Academic Administration and Student Affairs about their legal writing requirements.
(revised 11/04)

Law 259 Legal Writing 1. An introduction to legal analysis, research, and writing through the preparation of legal memoranda, client letters, and other assignments. This course emphasizes the basic skills and tools of analysis and research, and the fundamentals of good writing. Students research and write legal memoranda and other documents of increasing length and complexity; develop research skills, both individually and in group projects; and learn editing skills and the basics of legal ethics. Students rewrite several assignments after written comments from and in-person conferences with the professor. Three credit hours.


Law 260 Legal Writing 2. This course provides additional instruction in legal research, analysis, and writing, with a focus on written and oral advocacy. Students write both a trial and an appellate brief, and are introduced to oral advocacy through preparing and presenting a mock appellate argument. Two credit hours.
Law 431 Legal Writing 3. This course provides an introduction to non-litigation oriented transactional issues and documents, through shorter assignments than are the norm in Legal Writing 1 and 2, and on oral communication with colleagues and clients. One credit hour.
Law 432 Legal Writing 4. This course focuses on specialized legal research in areas such as environmental law, intellectual property, labor/employment law, and international law, and on drafting legal instruments common to these areas. Students are introduced to research resources and techniques in the particular area of focus, as well as in legislative history, administrative materials, international legal materials, and empirical research. Students typically will prepare several legal instruments for the specialty area and may be assigned a major paper in the subject area. Three credit hours.
ELECTIVE COURSES

Law 359 Accounting for Lawyers. There is something about a law student that just doesn't love accounting. Maybe it's the numbers, although accounting involves only one basic formula and some addition and subtraction. Or perhaps you don't know much about business. This aversion to accounting is unfortunate, not because it's universally enjoyable to study (although it can be gratifying and sometimes even fun). It's unfortunate because accounting plays such an important role in many areas of law practice. Accounting is the language of business and your clients are likely to have interests that involve financial matters. Lawyers should understand certain fundamental things about accounting and financial statements. Familiarity with accounting concepts has become even more important since the 2001 Enron scandal, followed by the obstruction of justice conviction and collapse of its auditor, Arthur Anderson and Company. Accounting fraud also affected WorldCom and many other public and private companies. A lawyer with knowledge of accounting fundamentals may be able to recognize "red flags" that suggest their client or another party has committed financial fraud. The Preface states that the casebook "strives to make accounting as teachable as possible to law students, recognizing that many law students approach the subject with considerable trepidation." Students are not assumed to know anything about accounting or business when the course begins. All you need is a couple of pencils and several erasers. Students who have taken more than one course of undergraduate accounting may not enroll in the course. Two credit hours.
(revised 11/04)


Law 372 Administrative Law. A study of the legal problems involved in the creation, functioning, and control of government agencies (other than courts or legislatures) that engage in rule making or adjudication. Particular attention is given to the constitutional constraints on agency action, including those imposed by due process, separation of powers, and the nondelegation doctrine. The investigative functions of agencies and the timing, method, and scope of judicial review of an agency's actions also are covered. Three credit hours.

Law 314 Advanced Criminal Law. This course covers substantive criminal law issues either omitted from the required criminal law course or not covered in depth. There will likely be five main topics: punishment, focusing on the death penalty; defenses, focusing on self-defense, necessity, duress, and insanity; inchoate crimes, including conspiracy and solicitation; and specific crimes, particularly rape and offenses against property. Three credit hours.

Law 268 Advanced Issues in Family Law. This course addresses a variety of current family law issues, including divorce taxation, the drafting of prenuptial agreements, effective discovery strategies in divorce litigation, evaluation of closely-held businesses, treatment of deferred income plans, and effective use of expert witnesses. Recommended preparation: Family Law. Three credit hours.
(added 12/02)

Law 486 Advanced Legislative Advocacy. This course will provide an opportunity for students to develop and implement a complete Policy Action Plan. This advanced course will focus on a thorough understanding of researching, understanding, and drafting legislation, as well as administrative rules and regulations. Students will select a topic to work on for the semester, which may be a continuation of the topic they addressed in the basic Legislative Advocacy course. Students will be expected to prepare a comprehensive policy review of their topic, with an in-depth analysis of the existing laws and regulations pertaining to the topic. Students will also be expected to develop a sophisticated research base for their topic, which will include drafting expert testimony on behalf of a researcher. Students will also complete research including legislative history, relevant policy makers, and agency officials and administrators. Prerequisite: Legislative Advocacy. Two credit hours.
(added 4/07)

Law 474 Advanced Property: Real Estate Finance and Transfers. This course focuses on the modern real estate transaction. The course consists of two basic parts. Part 1 will examine the process of land transfer. Topics covered include the real estate contract, risk of loss, title assurance and deed formalities. Part 2, which constitutes the bulk of the course, deals with the law of land finance. Topics covered include installment land sales contracts, sale and lease backs, mortgage formation, environmental and other due diligence requirements, foreclosure, and equity participation. New, advanced forms of land security will also be covered. Some attention will be given to the federal tax consequences of different transactions. Two credit hours.
(added 4/07)

Law 301 Advanced Property: Real Estate Transactions. This course involves a detailed examination of the legal issues arising in connection with the purchase and sale of real property. Topics include: the role of brokers in real estate transactions, the contract of purchase and sale, instruments of conveyance, warranties of title, recording acts, title insurance and other forms of title assurance, warranties of condition and other forms of quality assurance and the financing and closing of real estate transactions. The course examines real estate transactions from a practitioner's perspective, as well as from a more theoretical standpoint. Three credit hours.
Law 446 Advanced Torts. The first-year Torts course is limited, mainly by credit-hour-restrictions, to convering concepts related to attempted recovery for physical injuries to the person caused by one's negligence, intentional acts, or abnormally dangerous activities. In Advanced Torts, students will analyze actions that seek to protect against intangible or economic injuries. Among the topics that may be considered are: Defamation, the Right of Privacy, the Right to Publicity, Fraud and Deceit, Interference with Contractual Relations, Interference with Prospective Advantage, Injurious Falsehood, Malicious Procedution, Abuse of Process, and various Statutory Torts. In addition, there will be a review of the so-called "tort reforms" enacted by Congress and state legislatures in recent years. Two credit hours.
Law 277 Agency Law. This course addresses basic principles of agency law, particularly the doctrines associated with authority, vicarious responsibility, and fiduciary duty. It also addresses how agency principles and doctrines are applied in such areas as legal ethics, corporation law, contract law, civil procedure, criminal law, torts, and constitutional law. Two credit hours.
Law 375 American Legal History. This is a survey course that examines major themes and interpretations in the history of American law from the end of the eighteenth century to the middle of the twentieth. Our primary goal is to explore the relationship between historical change and changes in the law and legal institutions. Topics include law in colonial and revolutionary America, changing understandings of the U.S Constitution, the law of slavery, the Civil War, the rise of the corporation and the modern state, debates over the meaning of rights, and developments in legal education and the legal profession. We will also consider how shifts in American culture relate to shifts in legal doctrine, including contract law, torts, property, family law, and criminal law. Requirements include regular participation in class discussion and a take-home final exam. Three credit hours.
(revised 8/05)

Law 363 Antitrust. A study of antitrust law concerning problems of monopolies, price fixing, horizontal and vertical restraints on trade and mergers. The major federal legislation in the field, including the Sherman Act and the Clayton Act, are considered in detail. Three credit hours.
Law 223 Appellate Courts and Procedure. Appellate courts make important case law decisions and supervise courts below them in the judicial hierarchy. This course will examine the functions of appeals and appellate courts, and the process of appellate review: appellate jurisdiction, standing to appeal, timing of review, vehicles for obtaining review, the breadth and depth of review, and appellate lawmaking. The course also will consider the structure of our appellate courts, and how those courts and Congress have responded, and may in the future respond, to the threat to function posed by the increasing volume of appeals. The course will acquaint students with the contemporary role of appellate counsel and with the U.S. Supreme Court's certiorari policies and practices. Although federal courts will be the main focus, many of the matters discussed also will be pertinent to state appellate systems. Three credit hours.
Law 313 Banking Law. A study of the law of commercial banking with special emphasis on banking as a "regulated industry." Among the topics included are the history and structure of the American banking system and of the federal regulatory agencies; the regulation of traditional banking activity, including lending limitations; discrimination based on sex or marital status; usury; reserve requirements; capital adequacy; interest limits; the formation of a new bank or branch; branch banking; management interlocks; criminal liability; attainment of competitive markets; banks' trust powers; and failing banks and the FDIC. The course will include a description of the banking industry and the regulation of banks in several foreign countries and major international financial centers. Included are several topics of “international banking” such as the methods by which banks of one country can operate in another country. Three credit hours.
(revised 11/07)

Law 435 Bankruptcy. After surveying the rights of creditors under non-bankruptcy law, this course focuses on how the Bankruptcy Code deals with those rights and other relationships involving the debtor. Topics covered include initiation of bankruptcy proceedings, the stay and its consequences, definition of the bankruptcy estate, claims, priorities, exemptions, discharge, avoidance powers, executory contracts, liquidation, reorganization, and other issues. Three credit hours.
Law 409 Business Organizations. This course examines how businesses are organized in the United States and the variety of legal regulations they face. It considers the different forms of business organizations, including sole proprietorships, general and limited partnerships, limited liability companies, and the various forms of incorporated business enterprises, with the goal of establishing which form of organization is best suited for a variety of business goals. The course emphasizes the rights and obligations of the various parties in the business relationshipBemployees, promoters, partners, and corporate officers, directors, investors, and stockholders, as well as their attorneys. Special focus also is devoted to the question of control of closely-held corporations. These general themes are examined in the context of specific corporate issues, including executive compensation; proxy contests; basic securities fraud and insider trading; and mergers, acquisitions, and tender offers. The course also includes an introduction to basic principles of corporate finance. Four credit hours.

Law 238 Chicago Legal Clinic Practicum. The Chicago Legal Clinic, Inc. (not affiliated with Chicago-Kent) was established 23 years ago to offer low-cost legal services to laid-off steel workers and their families. Today the Clinic has four offices in Chicago and represents more than 12,000 clients a year, including victims of domestic violence, people with social security problems, clients with immigration issues, and organizations with environmental concerns. The Pilsen Office of the Chicago Legal Clinic assists people who are seeking to become U.S. citizens as well as persons with other immigration concerns. In addition to offering direct representation to individual clients, assistance is also offered at citizenship workshops. This practicum offers a practical overview to Immigration Law and includes, as cases permit, preparation of documents, attendance at government interviews and assistance at Administrative Hearings. The Clinic also provides representation to immigrants with consumer fraud problems. Opportunities include: gaining practical legal experience in the areas of immigration and consumer law with clients of the Chicago Legal Clinic; representing clients who are seeking to become U.S. citizens as well as others with immigration problems before the United States Citizenship and Immigrations Services; counseling immigrants, seniors and people with disabilities who have limited sources of income; creating web-based educational materials and presenting work-shops for social agencies, caseworkers, caretakers and potential clients. A 711 license is not required. Students are expected to work an average of 8 hours a week, in addition to a weekly meeting. No final exam. Two credit hours.
(revised 11/05)

Law 369 Civil Procedure 2. This course will complete the overview of civil litigation in the federal system. It will focus on judicial supervision of pretrial conferences, the promotion of settlements, and incentives to settle; the trialBincluding the Seventh Amendment right to jury trial, judicial control of the verdict through judgments as a matter of law, new trial orders, remittitur and additur, different kinds of verdicts, and juror impeachment of the verdict; the preclusive effects of judgments; and pre- and post-judgment remedies. Three credit hours.

Law 279 Civil RICO. The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) was enacted a generation ago primarily as a tool for criminal prosecutors to use against organized crime. Its civil provisions were added to the legislation as an afterthought and remained largely dormant for a decade. Today, civil RICO is on the cutting-edge of the debate over illegal immigration. Mr. Foster has pioneered the use of the law against employers who hire large numbers of illegal workers in order to depress wage levels for legal American workers. These cases have not only made headlines across the country but have also reached the U.S. Supreme Court. This class will not only delve into the fundamentals of the RICO statute, but also touch upon issues of market power over wages, proximate causation, class action procedure and Supreme Court practice, concepts with broad application in employment and business law.
(revised 11/06)

Law 626 Civil Rights History: From the Civil War to the Civil Rights Movement. This course examines the development of civil rights law in the United States since the end of the Civil War. Topics include: the passage and ratification of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments; the retreat from Reconstruction in the courts and in society; the role of law in creating, maintaining, and challenging racial oppression during the Jim Crow era; and the origins, achievements, and limitations of the modern civil
rights movement. We will give particular attention to the changing
historical context in which courts and legislatures create civil rights law,
the role of social movements in the formation of civil rights policy, and
the power of law to reshape entrenched social practices. Two credit hours.
(added 11/07)

Law 265 Commercial Law: Payment Systems. An examination of the legal regulation of various methods of payment, with primary emphasis on checks and wire transfers and some consideration of letters of credit, credit cards, debit cards, stored-value cards, and cash. The course also deals with promissory notes, primarily as a means to explore the concept of negotiability. Coverage includes Uniform Commercial Code articles 3, 4, 4A, and 5. Three credit hours.
Law 202 Commercial Law: Secured Transactions. This course is concerned with the structuring and use of transactions in which personal propertyBautomobiles, computers, rights to payment, wheat, etc.Bis used to secure business and consumer debt. It examines the rights of the parties to a secured transaction (i.e., debtor and creditor) as between themselves and as against third parties. The emphasis is on security interests created under Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code. Three credit hours.
Law 455 Commercial Law: Survey. This course provides a survey of the Uniform Commercial Code and is designed for those students who either do not want to take the individual commercial law courses (Payment Systems and Secured Transactions), or have not decided whether to take these courses. Commercial Law is clearly the most significant substantive subject appearing on the Illinois Bar Examination, appearing on all four parts of the exam (the Multistate Bar Examination, the Multistate Essay Examination, the Illinois Essay Examination, and the Multistate Performance Examination). In light of the above, it is advisable that students planning to take the Illinois Bar Examination should have some exposure to the Code. This course is not a prerequisite for any other commercial law course. If you take this course, you will be able to subsequently (or concurrently) take Payment Systems and/or Secured Transactions. If you have already taken both Payment Systems and Secured Transactions, you may not take this course. Four credit hours.
Law 458 Comparative Constitutional Law. This course will begin with a case study examining a single constitutional issue from the perspective of
three different constitutional systems. The relationships between different constitutional systems and the limitations of comparative analysis will then be discussed more generally. The next section will look at the role and structure of constitutional courts, in particular different approaches to judicial review. Finally, the course will look at constitutional protection of individual and group rights focusing on the question of what substantive norms are necessary for a constitutional system and can such questions be answered across different constitutional cultures. Prerequisites: Constitutional Law (please see Professor Harding if you wish to take this course and are taking Constitutional Law at the same time). Two credit hours.
(revised 5/03)
Law 430 Comparative Law. This course examines the problems and issues that arise when a lawyer deals with foreign clients, foreign lawyers, or foreign law. It focuses on the differences in substance, procedure, methods, and ways of thinking between the United States and other countries, revealing the many ways in which the United States legal system is unique and evaluating the implications of this uniqueness. The course examines foreign laws and legal institutions and identifies ways in which lawyers can learn about and better understand systems other than their own and develop strategies for dealing with the effects of differences between systems. Three credit hours.
(revised 4/05)

Law 473 Comparative Tort Law. Comparative law is important for at least two reasons. First, law and legal disputes are increasingly becoming more global, so that knowledge of other legal systems with different procedural and doctrinal structures, especially those based on the European civil law tradition rather than the Anglo-American common law tradition, as well as law promulgated by international organizations such as the European Court of Human Rights, is becoming increasingly important to everyday legal practice. Second, studying how other legal systems deal with various substantive and procedural issues can provide useful insights for how those issues might be better dealt with in our legal system. The premise of this course is that the benefits of studying comparative law can be best obtained by focusing on a specific area of law, which however encompasses issues and doctrines that are fundamental to all of law. Tort law is such an area. Two credit hours.
(added 11/06)

Law 228 Complex Crimes Prosecution. This course focuses on issues that prosecutors of complex crimes encounter, including the expanded role of the prosecutor in the investigation of criminal offenses and the legal and ethical issues that expanded role raises; offenses that cross borders (state and national) and the issues of jurisdiction such offenses raise; and the statutes most commonly used to prosecute a wide range of complex criminal activity.
(added 11/04)

Law 327 Complex Litigation. A study of complex litigation involving multiple parties and multiple claims. By way of background, we consider joinder of parties and of claims generally, and treat transfer and consolidation of civil actions. We then emphasize all major aspects of class action litigation. The facets covered include ethical considerations, history and philosophy, federal subject matter jurisdiction, due process considerations, requirements for bringing a class action, notice, settlement, administration of judicial relief, appealability, binding effect of the judgment, attorneys' fees, and trying complex cases. This advanced course serves to round out a student's background in civil procedure, and demonstrates clearly in what respects and why complex litigation has presented special problems requiring special treatment. Three credit hours.
Law 478 Computer and Network Privacy and Security: Ethical, Legal, and Technical Considerations. More and more, both practice and the job market require lawyers who understand the interface between law and technology. This course provides a unique opportunity to understand that interface. No technical knowledge is required. Everything is explained in plain English. The course addresses the issue of privacy in an age of surveillance. How much privacy should we demand? Why does privacy matter? How is privacy to be defined? The course addresses security issues because in the Internet age there is no privacy without security and security failures may yet lead to the end of the Internet age. The course provides a unique opportunity to really understand the interface between law and technology. Three credit hours.
(added 11/07)

Law 371 Conflict of Laws. A study of the legal problems that arise when the domiciles of the parties or other significant facts of a controversy are connected with states other than that where the litigation occurs. Among the topics included are: the choice of applicable law, jurisdiction of courts, the effect of out-of-state judgments, and the rules of decision applicable in multi-state transactions. International conflicts are becoming increasingly frequent and important, and thus the class will include discussion of the international aspects of each of the three main areas of inquiry (choice of law, jurisdiction, and enforcement of judgments). Similarly, the application of these rules in the context of cyberspace is given attention. Three credit hours.
Law 351 Construction Law. A study of contractual relations among participants in the construction process; legal disputes arising out of the bidding and construction process; and the customs of the construction industry as they relate to legal problems. There will be some discussion of the bidding process and bonding requirements. The contractual interrelationships among the owner, the architect, contractors, and subcontractors as defined by the "contract documents" and as implied by law will be fully discussed. Finally, an analysis of typical construction disputes arising from contract interpretation, change orders, time problems, and payment issues will be made. An understanding of how contract, and tort principles discussed in substantive courses are applied and interrelated within the construction industry will be derived from the course. Two credit hours.
Law 378 Consumer Health Benefits. This course is designed to expose students to some of the legal and policy issues that confront individuals/consumers in our health care system. The course will explore the basics of our unique system of health care financing and delivery, focusing on how that system affects the consumer/employee/patient. Among the topics that are explored are employer-provided benefits; managed care; HMO liability; ERISA preemption; litigating benefit coverage denials; eligibility, funding, and benefits in the Medicaid and Medicare programs; COBRA benefits; and health care reform. There is no exam and students are evaluated on the basis of a paper and class participation. Two credit hours.
Law 212 Consumer Protection Law. This course will cover the fundamental causes of action and defenses in current consumer protection law. The course will examine common law antecedents of modern consumer protection law, contract and tort-based causes of action, consumer credit, compulsory disclosure statutes, consumer contract formation issues, collection and foreclosure issues, complex litigation issues of federal and state provisions, civil RICO, qui tam, class actions, and governmental enforcement. Three credit hours.
Law 405 Copyright Law. This course is a detailed examination of the entire range of copyright law, including protection for literary, musical, artistic, and other works of authorship. The course is centered on a consideration of the 1976 federal copyright statute, as amended by several recent pieces of legislation, including the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (the DMCA). Topics covered include what kinds of work are protected by copyright, ownership of copyright, and the rights and remedies provided by copyright law. In addition to exploring basic questions about the purposes, nature, and scope of copyright raised by the federal legislation, this course gives special attention to current controversies concerning the extension of traditional copyright principles to the online environment, the legality of peer-to-peer networks, protection for computer programs, Internet service provider liability, the constitutionality of new and greater forms of copyright protection, the interaction of copyright and free speech principles, and the effect of international treaties upon U.S. copyright law. Three credit hours.
488 Corporate Governance. This course will explore some of the major issues in governance of public corporations such as Enron, World Com, and Bear Stearns. Some of the questions we will consider: What are the structural and procedural issues inherent in publicly held corporations that almost invariably produce governance issues? Are "outside" professional advisors to corporations (lawyers and accountants) facilitators of corporate objectives or watchdogs of the public interest? How should a corporation balance or prioritize responsibilities to equity investors, debt investors, the communities in which it operates, and its employees and customers? What is the proper role for institutional investors in the governance of the corporation in which they invests? What are the appropriate policies and limitations (if any) for a Board of Directors to impose on the form and amount of CEO compensation? What is the appropriate course of action for a director if he believes a corporation is embarking on a seriously unwise or illegal course of action? To what extent are moral and psychological issues such as greed, envy, distributive justice and honor at the root of corporate governance issues? The course requires regular (almost every week) one-page submissions of responses to questions posed at the previous week's session. Each week the class will discuss oral presentations of several of the responses. Two credit hours.
(added 4/08)

Law 360 Corporate Finance. This course is intended to provide a basic understanding of how stocks and bonds are utilized in the capital formation process, how businesses raise capital, and how the capital formation process is regulated. In addition, the course covers some fundamental concepts of financial analysis and investment techniques. Two credit hours.
Law 344 Criminal Procedure: The Adjudicative Process. This course and Criminal Procedure: The Investigative Process are a study of the legal rules governing the operation of the criminal justice system from investigation to trial. Among the topics included in this course are: the right to counsel, transcripts and other aids; discovery and the failure of the state to disclose; pretrial publicity and change of venue; the right to a speedy trial; plea bargaining and guilty pleas; the right to a jury trial and problems of jury selection; ineffective assistance of counsel; sentencing; entrapment; double jeopardy; hearings into probable cause; and pretrial release. Three credit hours.
Law 270 Criminal Procedure: The Investigative Process. A study of the legal rules, primarily constitutional, governing the operation of the criminal justice system from investigation to trial. Among the topics included in this course are: the meaning of due process; arrest, search, and seizure; wiretapping and electronic eavesdropping; police interrogation and confessions; eyewitness identification procedures; the scope and administration of the exclusionary rules; and grand jury investigations. Three credit hours.
Law 437 Disability Law. This course examines statutes and cases concerning people with mental and physical disabilities. Most of the relevant law has developed in the area of schooling, insurance, employment, access to public facilities, and estate planning and guardianships. The course also explores the processes of administrative and judicial review as they have adapted to resolve these cases. Preparation of disability cases, the use of expert witnesses, and the role of attorneys in disability negotiations also are covered. Two credit hours.
Law 215 E-Commerce. This course covers Internet contracting both domestically and internationally; payment systems and related privacy concerns; Internet business torts and anti-trust in e-commerce. Legal issues are examined against the background of the nature of e-commerce. Three credit hours.
(revised 12/02)

Law 495 Electronic Discovery. This class is designed to help future lawyers understand the shoots, ladders and traps that exist in the world of Electronically Stored Information (ESI). Students will learn what an attorney needs to consider when handling ESI in the litigation process; how both the federal rules of civil procedure and the federal rules of evidence affect this aspect of litigation; what e-discovery is and why it is so different from paper evidence; and when to bring in forensic specialists to advise them about electronic data or when to use an e-discovery coordinator to manage a project. This course will also discuss how to manage cost of production and processing, and how those considerations should affect an attorney’s thought process when working with this type of information. Students will learn how preservation obligations and spoliation claims can come into play. This class will include hands-on experience with real ESI and will require a class project/presentation and final exam. Students must have a laptop with access to the school network in class. Students will to learn how to use different software packages as part of the class. Two credit hours.
(added 4/08)

Law 248 Emerging Technologies. Law and the legal system anticipate and also respond to changes in technology in ways that may enhance or inhibit the development of new technologies and new applications of old technologies. This course examines these changes from a historical perspective using the telecommunications technologies and regulations as a case study. It then moves into current technological developments in genetic engineering, surrogate parenting, interactive cable TV, DNA testing, nanotechnology, facial recognition technologies, and the like. Legal issues involving intellectual property, contractual relationships, constitutional rights of individuals, rules of evidence, negligence, and products liability will be discussed in the contexts of a variety of emerging technologies. Questions revolve around the ways in which the legal system responds to changes with analogies to the "known and understood," with fear of the unknown, with conflict between legal and moral issues, with new law, and with the attorney's role in formulating change. Three credit hours.
Law 353 Employee Benefits Law. A detailed study of the law governing retirement plans and related fringe benefits. Attention will be focused primarily on employer-sponsored pension plans that qualify for favorable tax treatment under the Internal Revenue Code. Topics include participation and vesting requirements, taxation of benefit payments, creditor's rights, the responsibility of plan administrators and trustees, and discrimination in favor of highly compensated employees. Three credit hours.
Law 365 Employment Discrimination. An in-depth examination of the federal law concerning discrimination in employment on the bases of race, sex, religion, national origin, age, and disability. Topics covered include: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Equal Pay Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act. The Illinois Human Rights Act also falls within the purview of this course, as does the common law development regarding wrongful discharge. Three credit hours.
Law 391 Employment Relationships. This course will focus on the legal relationship between employer and individual employee. It will cover the common law aspects of that relationship, particularly contracts and torts. It will then examine statutory modifications of the common law. Statutes that may be examined include ERISA, the Civil Rights Acts, whistle-blower protection legislation, unemployment and workers compensation acts, Fair Labor Standards Act and OSHA. The course is recommended for students contemplating a labor law, corporate or general practice. Three credit hours.
Law 232 Energy Law. This course offers a basic overview of the legal framework within which the production, distribution and sale of energy takes place. It is offered as part of the Program in Environmental and Energy Law but is open to all students. After a brief introduction to scientific concepts of energy and the history of energy technology, the course will survey the major sources of energy. The traditional sources have been oil, natural gas and coal converted to consumer products such as electricity and gasoline. Newer sources include nuclear and solar energy. Each source and delivery system has its own network of property rules and contract relationships. National energy policy will be reviewed and the impact of interregional competition on the regulation of energy will be studied, as will constitutional and economic concepts affecting the pricing of energy. Particular emphasis will be placed on energy issues in environmental law. Three credit hours.
Law 373 Entertainment Law. A general survey of the legal principles and business customs and usages of the entertainment industry. Topics include: contract, labor, copyright, trademarks and unfair competition, privacy and publicity rights, and constitutional law cases and material involving the motion picture, live theater, television, music, and print publishing branches, and the production, distribution and retail sectors of each branch. Students interested in intellectual property and those who may represent individuals or entities in the entertainment industry should consider taking this course. The Copyright Law course is recommended preparation. Two credit hours.

Law 489 Entrepreneurial Law Practicum. The Entrepreneurial Law Clinic will help students develop their lawyering skills by giving them the opportunity to work with individuals and small companies to address issues commonly arising out of the entrepreneurial environment, including but not limited to: LLC formation and conveyance of membership; contracts; protection of trade secrets; and trademark protection. Students are required to perform five hours a week of fieldwork in addition to a weekly one-hour class meeting. Activities will include interviewing entrepreneurs, preparing a preliminary issues assessment memorandum, presenting such memoranda to a practicing attorney and the class; researching legal issues raised and preparing a proposed course of action; and executing such action as appropriate. Students will receive feedback throughout the course from entrepreneurs, other students, and practicing attorneys. Students must have completed 30 credit hours. One credit hour.
(added 4/08)
Law 426 Environmental Law and Policy 1. This course examines the scientific, economic, and ethical foundations of environmental law and policy and introduces the student to many of the major biodiversity conservation and pollution control regulatory programs. The role of courts in policing environmental regulation and decision-making is also covered. The course will take an interdisciplinary approach, looking at history, economic theory and analysis, and other disciplines. The course covers the common law origins of environmental protection, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act, Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and Superfund. The course examines the substance of the Acts and uses them as vehicles for exploring complex statutory schemes, administrative policy-making, market environmental controls, the interplay of federal and state environmental programs, benefit-cost analysis, risk analysis, and environmental litigation. This is the first semester of a two-semester course sequence. While it is required for students concentrating in Environmental and Energy Law, it is open to all students. The course can be taken without the second semester course. Three credit hours.
Law 441 Environmental Law and Policy 2. This is the second semester of a two-semester course sequence. While it is required for students in the Program in Environmental and Energy Law, it is open to all students. Environmental Law and Policy 1 is not a prerequisite. The course emphasizes the Clean Air Act as a vehicle for exploring complex statutory schemes, administrative policy-making, market environmental controls, the interplay of federal and state environmental programs, benefit-cost analysis, risk analysis, and environmental litigation. The course will also examine global warming and the broader concept of climate change. Two credit hours.
Law 414 Estate Planning. An analysis of the various methods of achieving proper lifetime and testamentary planning, including the preparation of documents in connection with estate plans such as wills and trusts. Two credit hours.
Law 311 Estates and Trusts. A study of the law relating to the gratuitous transfer of property at death and in trust. The course will examine the formalities required for the execution and revocation of a will, will contests, the problems incident to intestate succession, will substitutes, the creation and enforcement of private express trusts, the creation and enforcement of charitable trusts, and the use of class gifts and powers of appointment to introduce flexibility into estate plans. The course will also explore certain issues of elder law, such as living wills and health care powers of attorney. Four credit hours.
Law 476 European Copyright Law. This course, which will be offered in intensive format, covers European approaches to digital rights management, the exploitation of works in computer networks (P2P, databases, software, etc.), the scope of fair use, liability for infringements in the digital environment, and the enforcement of rights. It considers not just the present state of regulation but looks at future challenges as well. Available as a course or seminar. The class will meet from Monday, August 20 through Saturday, August 25, 2007. Students taking the class as a regular course will take an exam at a date to be determined later. Two credit hours.
(added 4/07)

Law 291 European Union. This course is designed as a general introduction to the legal system of the European Union (EU). It covers both its constitutional and institutional structure and focuses on specific key areas of substantive law. The course starts by introducing the EU's legal order, and then moves briefly into the EU's legislative process, where it concentrates on the political and legislative functions of the various institutions and the division of competences between the EU and its Member States. The course pays particular attention to the role of the judiciary in shaping the EU's legal order. The European Court of Justice developed the fundamental notions of direct effect and supremacy of European law. Those notions, through which rights are created for European citizens, are examined, and the course subsequently turns to how those rights can be enforced. The area of European Trade Law is then chosen as a 'test case' to analyse the legal, political and social developments of the European system. In particular, the provisions on free movements, competition, and state aids are thoroughly analysed with reference to the case law of the European Court of Justice and to relevant secondary legislation. This part of the course, by focusing also on specific issues such as the tension between market forces and values (public health, European culture, and social prerogatives), is not confined to legal themes only but indirectly examines the role of the EU and the values and polices upon which the European constitutional architecture is founded. Therefore, although the course is not a comparative one, a discussion on the US and EU institutional and judicial system is warmly welcome in each lecture. Three credit hours.
Law 273 Evidence. A study of the rules of evidence and the reasons underlying these rules, with particular emphasis on the Federal Rules of Evidence. Among the topics included are: competency and examination of witnesses, including impeachment; relevancy; the hearsay rule and its exceptions; privileges; writings; opinion, expertise, and experts; scientific and demonstrative evidence; and other issues. Three credit hours.
Law 442 Family and Employment-Based Immigration Practice. This course is designed to familiarize law students with the practical, hands-on practice of family and employment-based immigration to the United States. In an increasingly international world, the ability to obtain and maintain lawful immigration status in the U.S., permanent and temporary, is very important. This course will focus on ways foreign-born persons can obtain permanent immigration status in the U.S. through their family and/or employment, both from abroad and from within the U.S. itself. In addition, the course will examine the temporary statuses available to persons seeking to enter the U.S. to work or study. There are no prerequisites, but it is recommended that students enrolling in this course have previously taken Immigration Law and Policy or have practical experience in immigration law. Two credit hours.
Law 340 Family Law. A study of the legal problems involved in the formation, continuation, and dissolution of the relationship of husband and wife, and the legal problems arising from the relationship of parent to child. Among the topics that may be discussed are are engagements; marriage requirements; marital rights and responsibilities; divorce; property distribution; child support; maintenance; parental rights; paternity; legitimacy; custody; adoption; and modern methods of conception. Three credit hours.

Law 290 Family Wealth Management. The process of accumulating, managing and transmitting wealth raises important issues for individuals and families. This course will expose students to personal finance and wealth management, which will help them make informed decisions for themselves and those whom they advise. This is a practical course that covers the following subjects: wealth, financial assets and investing; home ownership and mortgage financing; life and disability insurance; property and succession; income taxation of the family; wealth transfer taxation; credit, debt and asset protection; planning for the costs of higher education, retirement security, and end of life issues. Many of these topics are the subject matter of specialized courses in the curriculum, including: Bankruptcy, Disability Law, Elder Law, Employee Benefits Law, Estates and Trusts, Estate Planning, Family Law, Gift and Estate Tax, Insurance, Personal Income Tax, and Secured Transactions. Family Wealth Management is a survey course that is not intended to be a substitute for any of these courses. Two credit hours.
(added 11/05; revised 11/06)
Law 480 Famous Trials in History. This course will investigate some of the most famous trials in history. Included with be the Scopes trial on the teaching of evolution, the Sacco and Vanzetti murder trial, the Leopold and Loeb murder trial (including Clarence Darrow's argument against the death penalty), the O.J. Simpson murder trial, the Rosenberg trial, and other controversial trials. The course will be taught in a seminar format (although it may not be taken for senior seminar credit), with no final exam or paper. Professor Brill will begin the course with a multi-week investigation of the Sacco/Vanzetti case, its after-effects, and recent revelations about the case. Thereafter, students will be assigned, in teams of two, to prepare and present multi-media presentations of highlights from other significant trials, and lessons learned from that trial that may have relevance for current controversial cases. Grades will be based on the quality of the presentations. Two credit hours.
(added 11/07)

Law 370 Federal Courts. A study of the powers of, and restraints upon, the federal judiciary, derived largely but not exclusively from Article III. Specific issues addressed include: the concept of judicial supremacyB the role of courts in a representative democracy; Article I tribunals; permissible congressional control of the original and appellate jurisdiction and remedial arsenal of the federal judiciary; abstention; sovereign immunity; and federal review of state court decisions. Three credit hours.
Law 282 The First Amendment. A study of the constitutional protection of speech and religion under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The course will explore the history and theory of freedom of speech and religion; the constitutionality of regulating seditious speech, pornography, hate speech, and commercial speech; the permissibility of state support for religion; and other topics. Three credit hours.

Law 393 Food and Drug Law. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulates products comprising over 25% of the consumer spending in the United States, yet its practices and mechanisms are not commonly understood. This one agency regulates most of the nation's foods, and all of its dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals, biological products, medical devices, cosmetics, and other products. It does so with a variety of legal tools and varying degrees of control over different product types, and yet its actions are guided by just two key goals -- to protect the public health and to help new products get to market -- and a small number of deceptively simple concepts. This course will examine the primary powers of this important agency, how the agency has changed over time in response to crises, business trends, and evolving public policy considerations, and will address some of the key concepts common to all federal regulatory agencies. Two credit hours.
(added 4/06)
Law 403 Forensic Sciences. This course is designed to familiarize students with contemporary scientific evidence and expert witnesses. Acknowledged experts will present their specialties with an eye towards what the lawyer should know about the scientific area and how to select and utilize an expert witness. Emphasis will be on topics suitable to both civil and criminal cases. Topics include: pathology, toxicology, toolmark and firearms identification, questioned documents, fingerprints, forensic photography, and the polygraph. Two credit hours.

Law 201 Gender and the Law. This class asks: how does gender (that is, concepts regarding what it means to be a man or woman) construct law, and how does law construct gender? Over the past thirty years a rich and exciting body of scholarship regarding gender and the law has developed. It poses a significant challenge to traditional ways of thinking about law, questioning some of the basic premises of what constitutes justice and equality in a democracy. This course examines the main tenets, methodologies, and controversies in this body of literature including the meaning of equality, the intersection of race and law, the public/private divide, concepts of objectivity and neutrality, and how law reproduces hierarchies while also having the ability to participate in significant social change. We will also analyze debates regarding sex work, domestic violence, reproductive rights, the nature of the workplace, and concepts of the family. The goal of the course is to think broadly and critically regarding the interaction of law, society, and gender while exploring the potential and limitations of our legal system. Three credit hours.
(added 11/06)

Law 368 Gift and Estate Tax. This course deals with the federal taxation of gratuitous property transfers during life and at death and with the techniques for structuring transactions so as to minimize such taxation. The emphasis will be on gift and estate taxes, but we will also study the income taxation of trusts and estates and the generation-skipping transfer tax. These tax rules will be examined in the context of the kinds of transactions that give rise to their applicability: transactions that typically include outright gifts, so-called "living" trusts, irrevocable trusts, joint tenancies, powers of appointment, life insurance, and employee benefits. Three credit hours.
Law 362 Health Care Law. One-eighth of the U.S. economy involves the delivery and regulation of health care services. This course addresses the statutory, administrative, and judicial precedents for regulating health care from the point of view of patients, health care professionals, and health care institutions. It covers topics such as informed consent, right to refuse treatment, medical malpractice, human experimentation, the regulation of new medical technologies, health care financing, and health care reimbursement. Three credit hours.
Law 547 IIT Interprofessional Projects (IPROs). Students may obtain one credit of independent research by joining a university-wide team to work on projects furnished by industry. The IPROs offered vary from semester to semester. Recent IPROs with involvement from the law school have included: Project Bosnia, where students have helped design computer and telecommunications packages for linking Bosnian government officials together through use of intranets, creating internet access for media, and providing government information on the web; Project Poland, where students have helped establish a technological infrastructure that supports the continuing development of the rule of law in Poland; and the International Rights and Asylum Project, which used information technology to help educate and inform attorneys, refugees, and other audiences all over the world about international human rights. One credit hour.
Law 413 Illinois Civil Procedure. This course focuses on the Illinois Code of Civil Procedure and the Illinois Supreme Court Rules. Topics covered include: personal and subject matter jurisdiction, venue, and pleadings and motion practice, with an emphasis on how Illinois procedural rules differ from the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Two credit hours.
Law 304 Immigration Law and Policy. This timely course explores the historical backdrop to modern immigration law and policy, its unique status in American law, and post-9/11 issues. Topics include immigrant status (family and employment), non-immigrant visas, citizenship, bases for exclusion and removal, and current refugee/asylum policy and procedures. Students may also visit the immigration court in Chicago. Two or three credit hours.
(revised 11/03)

Law 561 Independent Research. Research under the supervision of a member of the faculty. One credit hour per semester.
Law 501 Independent Research in Lieu of Seminar. Research under the supervision of a member of the faculty leading to the completion of a substantial paper fulfilling the seminar requirement. One credit hour per semester.
Law 358 Insurance. Insurance is an increasingly important tool for the management of risk by both private and public enterprises. This course provides a working knowledge of basic insurance law governing insurance contract formation, insurance regulation, personal, commercial, and professional liability insurance, and claims processes and disputes. The emphasis throughout the course is on the link between traditional insurance law doctrine and modern ideas about the functions of contract law and public policy. Two credit hours.
Law 281 Intellectual Property and Technology Licensing. This course emphasizes the management of intellectual property. The intent is to provide the future corporate practitioner with important information about managing, marketing, selling, buying, and licensing corporate intellectual property assets (including patents, trademarks, copyrights, data, trade secrets, software, know-how, and other types of valuable information), and limiting corporate liability with respect to those assets. The course places particular emphasis on software and other emerging technologies, but will also cover traditional intellectual property issues. Two credit hours.
(revised 11/03; formerly Intellectual Property for Corporate Lawyers)

Law 490 Intellectual Property Financial Markets and Legal Principles. This course will examine both existing and developing markets for intellectual property. The first portion of the course will detail specific methods and techniques for intellectual property valuation and commercialization, while the later portion will focus on the intersection of those techniques with legal principals associated with the determination of economic damages in intellectual property infringement matters. The course will be taught through a combination of lectures and interactive case studies based on real world examples. Two credit hours.
(added 4/08)

Law 283 Intellectual Property in the High Tech Era. This is a survey class in intellectual property law in the context of the current high tech era. It covers all four intellectual property regimes –- copyright, trademark, patent, and trade secret. Questions related to the use of intellectual property with the current technologies will be explored, including, for example, issues of the availability of generic drugs to developing countries and the relationship to the patented pharmaceuticals, the use of peer-to-peer file transfers across the internet, re-broadcast of copyrighted works through internet streaming as well as new digital satellite technologies, and the relationships among the regimes to protect a variety of products. This course will meet August 9-August 22, 2008, starting at 5:30 p.m. (all day on both Saturdays; no class on Sundays). The course is a survey of intellectual property law for students who are not pursuing the Intellectual Property certificate; we do not expect or advise I.P. certificate students to take the course. However, certificate students are not prohibited from taking the course. Students who take the course and later decide to pursue the I.P. certificate may take any I.P. course in the future. This course will not, however, count towards the credits needed to earn the certificate. Three credit hours.
(added 4/04; revised 4/08)
Law 387 International Business Transactions. An examination of the legal environment of business, focusing on the legal considerations specifically related to transactions having transnational elements. Among the topics discussed are: national laws relating to aliens and foreign transactions, the extraterritorial reach of American laws, international contracts, international technology transfers, international and commercial arbitration, and international investment. The respective roles of foreign law, foreign lawyers, and foreign clients in international business processes are also considered. Three credit hours.
Law 374 International Capital Markets. This course examines the international aspects of the U.S. regulation of banking and securities; the international systems of regulating banking and capital markets including payments, settlements and capital adequacy; and the capital markets of the European Union (particularly U.K., Germany and France), and of Canada, and Japan. The course covers special instruments and techniques including Eurodollar deposits, Eurobonds, Global Bonds, international asset securitization, futures, options, swaps, offshore trusts, and project finance. Included are materials on second-tier markets such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Netherlands, Italy, Spain, several of the emerging markets such as Mexico, Argentina, etc. and the special problems of the "offshore" centers such as Lichtenstein, Cayman Islands, Antigua, Jersey, and the like. Three credit hours.
Law 222 International Commercial Arbitration. This course is an introduction to a rapidly-expanding field in international commercial law. An increasing percentage of all international business contracts contain a clause for binding arbitration in cases of dispute. The reason is simple: In June 1958, the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards was signed and has now been adopted by over 100 countries, including all the major commercial countries. This Convention ensures that an arbitral award, rendered anywhere in the world, will be enforced in the courts of the signatory countries. Judgments of courts do not receive this treatment: court awards are very difficult to enforce in other countries. Students will gain a working knowledge of the various international treaties which provide the structure of international commercial arbitration. The course will explore the ways in which arbitrations can be structured: either ad hoc or under the umbrella of an international organization. The course will examine several umbrella organizations and their "Rules," including The American Arbitration Association, the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC – Paris), The London Court of International Arbitration, UNCITRAL (United Nations Commission on International Trade Law), the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, and UNCITRAL's Convention for the International Sale of Goods. Topics to be covered include: under each regime and each set of rules, how does an arbitration panel obtain jurisdiction, how are the arbitrators chosen, what is the process, the rules and the costs, where does the arbitration take place, which language is used, how is evidence obtained and admitted, etc. No prerequisites. Three hours credit.
(added 4/04)
Law 235 International Commercial Litigation. This course will examine international commercial litigation from the investigation of transnational disputes through the enforcement of judgments in the United States and abroad. Topics studied will include, among others, case analysis, jurisdiction over non-U.S. defendants, service of process on foreign defendants, obtaining evidence abroad, extraterritoriality, trial of transnational cases, and enforcement of judgments. International arbitration will also be examined. The course will be taught from both an academic and practical perspective, using actual court documents where appropriate. Three credit hours.
Law 312 International Human Rights. The course involves both a definition of human rights as well as enforcement procedures for the implementation of human rights. The historical and philosophical bases of human rights are examined starting with the works of various thinkers from the diverse schools, particularly natural law, positivism, Marxism and the sociological school. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the later International Covenants are looked at in terms of the influences of the various schools. The course addresses the question of whether there is agreement as to fundamental human rights. Recent developments and tensions in the field of human rights, particularly since the increased membership of countries from the "third world" and socialist bloc countries, are investigated. This is highlighted by focusing on the later two covenants of the United Nations particularly the Covenant on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights, which enlarges the scope of human rights to include welfare, cultural, and economic rights. Finally, the course focuses on the contribution of international and non-governmental organizations in the protection and implementation of human rights. Two credit hours.
Law 236 International Intellectual Property. This course examines issues of intellectual property law raised by the exploitation and use of creative and commercial products in an international environment. General topics covered include: the negotiation and conclusion by states of different types of agreements prescribing standards of intellectual property protection under national law; efforts to create supranational intellectual property rights; resolution of disputes between states regarding compliance with obligations imposed by international intellectual property law (primarily under the dispute settlement system of the World Trade Organization); the interaction of trade policy and intellectual property laws; and the private enforcement of intellectual property disputes involving international components. Under these general headings, the class will address both fundamental principles underlying the international intellectual property system and issues of current interest and debate. For example, in the latter category, the class will discuss the extent to which states can ensure access to essential medicines (such as HIV drugs) through compulsory licensing of patented drugs; the effect of the Internet on territorial copyright and trademark laws;institutional reforms designed to facilitate faster international intellectual property lawmaking; treaty provisions requiring protection under national law of technological measures designed to restrict access to copyrighted works; restrictions imposed upon the availability of so-called parallel imports; cross-border infringement litigation in a single court seeking relief against conduct in several states; extraterritorial protection of intellectual property rights; and proceedings by trademark owners before ICANN-authorized dispute settlement panels to recover domain names under the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy. Prerequisite: any one of Copyright Law, Trademarks and Unfair Competition, or Patent Law. This requirement may be waived only with permission of the instructor. Three credit hours.

Law 475 International Intellectual Property Litigation. As intellectual property is increasingly exploited in more than one country simultaneously, disputes arise that have transborder components. Thus, for example, when the makers of the Blackberry personal data assistant were sued for patent infringement, they sought to escape from liability under US law (where the plaintiff had a patent) by arguing that much of the Blackberry communication process occurred in Canada (where the plaintiff had no patent). Likewise, when Microsoft feared that its Windows mark might be declared generic by a U.S. court in a dispute with a rival software developer, it quickly brought parallel trademark infringement proceedings against the developer in European countries and sought to leverage a victory in those countries to force a settlement of the US dispute. In the copyright context, what is the relevance of the fact that the distributors of the Grokster software were not located in the United States? Did it matter that they are located in a country with less strict copyright laws? These types of questions and disputes will be the subject of this course. International intellectual property litigation involves not only the substantive rules of intellectual property law in the relevant countries, but also the rules of conflict of laws that determine which courts can hear cases, which claims those courts can hear, which law the court applies, and whether the judgment of one court will be recognized by other courts. We will read opinions primarily of US courts, but there will also be discussion of decisions in this area from courts in Europe and elsewhere. The rules on private international intellectual property litigation are, perhaps appropriately, being developed through a truly international conversation among judges and policymakers. We will also discuss the draft American Law Institute project on Intellectual Property: Principles Governing Jurisdiction, Choice of Law, and Judgments in Transnational Disputes, which is being considered by the membership of the American Law Institute in May 2007. Prerequisite: Students should have taken at least one of the following courses: Copyright Law, Trademark and Unfair Competition Law, or Patent Law. Students who do not satisfy this prerequisite may contact the instructor to request its waiver. Three credit hours.
(added 4/07)

Law 383 International Law. This course introduces students to the key concepts and doctrines of international law. Students learn the sources of international law such as custom and treaty, the role of international organizations such as the United Nations, the bases of international jurisdiction, laws governing the use of force and the protection of human rights, and the constitutional structure of U.S. participation in the international legal system. An understanding of these core concepts, rules and institutions is vital to more advanced and in-depth study of world events, such as the Persian Gulf crisis and war in 1990-91 and the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991-92, and places these events in the context of the development and application of international law. The course also examines the development of regional organizations such as the European Union and North American Free Trade Agreement and the role the institutions of these arrangements play both in international and municipal legal systems. Three credit hours.

Law 312 International Organizations. This course will focus upon the legal and policy issues raised by the development and functioning of intergovernmental organizations, with the emphasis on organizations having wide membership, particularly the UN. It will encompass a course in United Nations law and a comparative study of international organizations with a focus upon how these organizations deal with human rights issues. Issues relating to rulemaking, dispute settlement, and enforcement will be central to this course. It will consider, among other topics, the privileges and immunities of international organizations, relations between the United States and the United Nations, the past role of and future composition of the Security Council, and restructuring proposals for the economic and social functions of the U.N. Three credit hours.
(added 11/04)

Law 384 International Trade. This course involves a comprehensive study of the international trading system, with attention to the role of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the IMF, and regional and bilateral trading arrangement (e.g. the European Union and the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement). The U.S. legal system with respect to international trade will be considered in detail, including discussion of constitutional issues, treaty-making, and Congressional and Executive authorities. Attention will be given to specific legislation and regulations involving export and import controls, as well as remedies against unfair trade practices. Current issues such as the implications of the EU's 1992 plan, the treatment of nonmarket economies, trade-related aspects of intellectual property, trade in services, and controls on the use of economic sanctions will be analyzed. Three credit hours.
Law 400 Internet Law. This course covers legal and policy issues raised by the impact of the Internet on existing law. Topics considered include: freedom of speech, privacy, intellectual property, trademark and copyright, commercial transactions, computer crime, and jurisdictional issues. Course materials are available only on the Internet. It is a prerequisite of this course that students have a laptop with ability to connect to the Internet from home and the classroom. Three credit hours.
Law 210 Introduction to the American Legal System. This course provides an overview of American constitutional and procedural law, with an introduction to the U.S. judicial system, legal methodology, and government structure. The course is open only to exchange students and students in the LL.M. Program in International and Comparative Law. Two credit hours.
(added 5/03)
Law 456 Juries, Judges & Trials. This course will look at juries and judges as decisionmakers, but will focus primarily on the jury. As background, we will examine the constitutional rights to a civil and criminal jury trial, and then focus on such features of the jury as venire, voir dire, peremptory challenges, instructions, deliberations, and differences in perception. We will consider the scope of jury authority, including jury nullification, as well as various models for the proper role of the jury in our society. There will be a take-home exam at the end of the course. Three credit hours.
Law 346 Jurisprudence. Many people submit to the law simply because they believe that the institutions administering it are just. But what if a law itself is unjust? The duty to obey law presupposes that laws are both consistent and just: because they sometime aren't, difficult cases arise in which appeals to a higher political morality become necessary if justice is to be served. But what is this higher political morality and what is its connection to the institutions we rely upon to do justice and protect our human rights as well as to the laws that are actually produced? Is this higher political morality the morality of our society or something broader? And, if it is something broader, how do we discover what it is? In this course, we will attempt to answer these and other questions by considering the relationship between legal and political philosophy, showing how the former is incomplete without the latter. Taking the problem of how to solve difficult cases as our point of departure, we will look at the inherent incompleteness of conventional theories of law with the idea of developing a meta-theory that would enable judges to decide difficult cases by drawing upon the best available theory of politics appropriate to the case's level of abstraction. By so doing, it is hoped that we will be able to produce resolutions for some kinds of controversial cases and open doors to the way we should think about others. It is also hoped that the course will provide an avenue for a broad critique of the way legal and political institutions operate including the way law schools educate and judges actually decide cases. Two credit hours.
Law 329 Juvenile Law. This course examines federal and state laws and cases involving juveniles. The Illinois Juvenile Court Act is covered in depth. Areas covered include delinquency, neglect, adjudications, dispositions, sentencing alternatives, social service agencies and constitutional safeguards for minors. Three credit hours.
Law 380 Labor Law. An examination of the theory and practice of the law governing the relationships between labor unions and employers. Among the topics covered are: the historical background of labor relations law; union organizing and the law; procedures for the selection of union representation; the law and process of collective bargaining; strikes, boycotts and picketing; and grievance and arbitration procedures. Four credit hours.
Law 401 Land Use. A course exploring land use controls such as zoning and subdivision regulations as exercised by local and state governmental units. The course analyzes the history of land use controls and explores topics such as flexibility and discretion, improper influence and corruption, alternative land use control schemes, suburban zoning and racial/economic exclusion, environmental protection by land use schemes, and growth control. In the process of exploring land use controls, the course analyzes the local institutions and procedures, constitutional issues, and the question of when an improper taking of property occurs in our legal system. Three credit hours.

Law 286 Law and Literature. This is not a course in intellectual property. Nor is it a course in literary criticism. It is a law course, but a law course that employs literary works the way other law courses employ cases and statutes. Works of the literary imagination will be used as texts to be mined for the insights they might provide into the nature of law and justice and as stimuli to more wide-ranging discussions. We shall explore legal issues involving criminal law, family law, contract law, military law, civil rights law, Biblical law, property law, professional responsibility, international law, morality, justice. We shall consider issues of race, class, religion, gender, sexual orientation. The reading list will consist of plays, rather than novels or short stories. Prerequisite: a willingness to engage with your fellow students in vigorous discussions. Three credit hours.
(added 11/04)


Law 471 Law, Economics and Justice. This course is a "capstone" course that will review basic doctrines covered in the first year courses (property, contracts, torts, criminal law, and procedure), and possibly other topics, with the purpose of exploring the extent to which those doctrines and areas of law can be explained, justified, criticized, or revised from the perspectives of economic efficiency and justice. Students who take the course should benefit from a more systematic analysis and review of the basic legal doctrines that form the foundation for most of the law, an understanding of basic (microeconomic) efficiency theory as applied to the law, a better understanding of the principles of justice and their application to various areas of the law, and an ability to recognize, employ and criticize efficiency and justice arguments in and outside the law. Three credit hours.
(added 11/06)
Law 250 Law, Literature and Feminism. This course will examine the development of feminist legal theory by focusing on several cases, writings of theorists, and novels that provide further illustration of the theories. The early advocates of women's rights argued in court cases for equality; this theme is also developed in Zora Neale Hurston's novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God. The Supreme Court case focusing on maternity leave raised the question whether women should be arguing for equality or difference; Toni Morrison's novel The Bluest Eye asks a similar question. Catharine MacKinnon and Carol Gilligan gave the debate a slightly different turn, with MacKinnon focusing on the need to rectify an existing power imbalance and Gilligan emphasizing an appreciation of difference. Both these approaches intersect in Gloria Naylor's The Women of Brewster Place and Cristina Garcia's Dreaming in Cuban. The course will require attendance, participation, four ungraded writing assignments (1-2 pages), and a take-home final exam. Two credit hours.
(added 5/03)
Law 252 Law of Privacy. Privacy may be one of the most pervasively discussed issues in this decade as a result of the increased concerns for security in travel, the openness of the Internet, the consolidation of information in massive databases both by corporations and by governments, high incidence of identity theft, and the development of more and more highly sophisticated "listening and viewing" devices. This class examines privacy as protected by statute B through a patchwork of privacy acts B and the concomitant freedom of information requirements of a democratic government, as developed through tort doctrine in the courts, and as articulated through the Constitution of the United States and those of the various states. All aspects of privacy are considered, including wiretapping, government-required personal and business information, personal, family, and reproductive autonomy, the "right to be let alone," and the right of publicity. Three credit hours.

Law 237 Law of Trade Secrets. This course examines trade secret law, a fourth intellectual property regime. It will include the common law development of trade secrets as well as the philosophical underpinnings in contract, property, and tort law, and the development to the present through the Restatement and the Uniform Trade Secrets Act. It will also examine the relationships between federal and state trade secret law, the relationships between trade secret law and the other three intellectual property regimes, and the relationships between trade secret law and other areas of law, such as employment law and law governing business relationships. Three credit hours.
(added 12/02)

Law 467 Lawyer as Investigator. In this course, we will explore how lawyers gather, analyze, and present facts. While law school does a marvelous job training students to find the law, it has ignored the vital role lawyers play in discovering the facts. This role has garnered much attention lately as lawyers have been accused of breaching ethical duties thru techniques, such as pretexting, used in the Hewlett-Packard scandal. While criminal litigators have focused extensively on this role, civil lawyers also do a great deal of investigating. Lawyers will do more of these as more regulation is imposed on corporate America thru legislation, such as Sarbanes Oxley. Accordingly, students will learn how to: (1) develop physical evidence; (2) conduct interviews and interrogations; (3) process physical evidence; (4) retrieve electronic evidence; (5) use investigators and experts; and (6) utilize formal discovery. Students will be required to develop two investigation plans - one for a criminal case, one for a civil case. Students will also be required to do several presentations to the class. Class participation will also count toward the final grade - there will be no final exam. Three credit hours.
(added 11/06)

Law 267 Legislative Advocacy. Corporations, public interest groups, governmental entities and other business clients frequently seek advice on legislative matters. Lawyers need to know how to access and communicate legislative information to their clients, and be adequately informed about the legislative process. This course is designed to train students in effective advocacy techniques to competently present matters to policy makers and work within the legislative process. The course is divided into four general modules: the law of politics; the legislative process; lobbying; and effective advocacy techniques. In addition to the traditional lecture format, students will learn through the use of role-playing, research assignments and a hands-on advocacy assignment involving actual legislation. Students will learn how to research legislation, present initiatives to policy makers, and influence the process. Two credit hours.

Law 239 Management of Intellectual Property Portfolios. This class examines the various types of business and personal transactions that implicate or center on intellectual property assets, particularly where business and legal considerations tend to collide. Topics include the securitization of intellectual property; intellectual property valuation for various purposes; tax consequences of intellectual property transfer; strategic use of intellectual property through licensing and litigation; due diligence in assessing intellectual property portfolios for mergers and acquisitions; and the role of intellectual property in bankruptcy. Prerequisites: Intellectual Property in the High Tech Era, or completion of two of the following courses: Copyright Law; Patent Law; Trademarks &
Unfair Competition; Law of Trade Secrets. Two credit hours.
(added 11/05)
Law 334 Medical Malpractice. This course will examine various topics relating to medical malpractice litigation. Among the topics to be considered are: pleadings, discovery, expert testimony, damages, statutes of limitations, res ipsa loquitur, informed consent and independent contractor issues. Two credit hours.
Law 484 Mental Health Law. This course covers all aspects of the law dealing with persons with mental health needs and their treating professionals. Topics covered include, but are not limited to, mental health treatment both in-patient and out-patient, confidentiality laws and rules, mental health records, duty-to-warn situations, treatment of children, guardianships for persons with mental health issue, government regulations and benefits which might apply, services available, accommodations in the workplace and in public situations, estate and trust planning, etc. The course will deal with mental health issues at all ages, and with the many ways in which they can and should be addressed by attorneys and the families or professionals they are advising. Two credit hours.
(added 11/07)

Law 227 Money Laundering. This course will first cover the historical antecedents to the newly revised regime of "money laundering" -- criminal fraud, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Acts, bank fraud, the Bank Secrecy Act, mail and wire fraud, and the rise of "white collar crime" generally. The central portion of the course covers the law of bank reporting (Currency transaction reporting, Suspicious Activity Reports, etc.); confiscation, forfeiture and asset freezing; how the different types of underlying criminal activity (tax evasion, trafficking in drugs, arms, people, etc.) affects the application of second-line enforcement mechanisms; and use of "offshore" havens for "asset protection," in the contexts of evading creditors (tax authorities, divorce, bankruptcy). The third portion of the course will cover the new regime created by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, and the particular liabilities of attorneys. Included will be the international aspects of enforcing money laundering and privacy laws, the OFAC, and an examination of the various international agencies operating in the financial areas such as FinCen. Topics may also include identity theft, the rise of forensic accounting, and the use of religious groups and other non-profits for money laundering. Two credit hours.
(added 12/02)

Law 481 Narrative Perspectives on the Death Penalty. This course will use a variety of narrative (i.e. story-telling) sources, including fiction, non-fiction, film and theater, to examine the death penalty and its legal, moral, political and emotional aspects. The specific content of the course will be determined, in large part, by the members of the class and their interests. Some of the works that may be included in the course are Truman Capote's In Cold Blood, Norman Mailer's The Executioner's Song, Franz Kafka's In the Penal Colony, Dead Man Walking (film), and The Exonerated (play). All students will be required to give a class presentation. Students choosing to take the class for seminar credit will write a research paper and those choosing to take it as a regular course will do a take-home exam. Two credit hours.
(added 11/07)

Law 472 Natural Resources Law. This course covers the legal regimes that control the choices that individuals and society make about the use of natural resources. These resources include water, public lands dedicated to mining, timber production, recreation and preservation, and renewable living resources such fish stocks. The course will emphasize the tension between regimes put in place in the 19th century to encourage the exploitation of natural resources for human benefit and legacy of the environmental movement with emphasis on conservation, mitigation, and preservation. Three credit hours.
(added 11/06)

Law 255 Nonprofit Law. Nonprofit organizations -- including churches, hospitals, universities, cultural institutions, social service charities, advocacy groups, unions, trade associations, and social clubs -- make up about 10 percent of the economy. Their operations and role in society raise important and difficult issues that cut across a variety of legal fields. In addition, as "ownerless" enterprises serving the public good, nonprofits present challenges for good governance, public oversight, and appropriate public subsidy. We will study the relevant aspects of constitutional law, trust and property law, corporate law, and tax law. Three credit hours.
Law 402 Patent Law. Public policies underlying various invention protection systems are analyzed as background for understanding the fundamental concepts of U.S. patent law. The nature of patentable subject matter in the U.S. and the statutory requirements of utility, novelty, and nonobviousness are examined in detail. Students also consider the process of obtaining and enforcing patent rights. Such consideration includes an overview of the disclosure, enablement and claim requirements for a patent application, as well as the scope of protection granted to the owner of an issued patent. The interpretation of patent claims is covered, with special emphasis placed on construing claims under the evolving doctrine of equivalents. Remedies for patent infringement are also reviewed, as well as the defense of patent misuse. Three credit hours.
Law 211 Patent Litigation. Students will examine major issues of substantive law and strategy facing a lawyer involved with patent litigation. The class sessions will focus on the leading cases in emerging areas of patent law. Such areas include infringement under the doctrine of equivalents, the scope of remedies available to a patent owner, the proofs required to establish patent invalidity, and the role of a jury in deciding complex technological issues. The class will also address procedures for developing and presenting at trial a credible theme and conducting a coherent program of trial preparation. Prerequisite: Patent Law. Three credit hours.
Law 284 Patent Office Practice. This course focuses on the substantive and procedural requirements for preparing and prosecuting patent applications. Strong emphasis is placed on drafting patent claims and preparing effective responses to rejections of applications by the U.S. Patent Office. The course also covers other aspects of practice before the Patent Office, including interviews, appeals, and applications for the reexamination and reissue of a patent. The nature of nonobviousness, the doctrine of equivalence, and the patent applicant's duty of candor are reviewed in detail. Patents is a prerequisite. Three credit hours.
Law 298 Patenting Human Genes in Europe and the U.S. One of the principal aims of patents is to promote competition and further scientific progress through the commercialization of technologies. Nevertheless, patents are fundamentally anti-competitive and, a proliferation of patent rights upstream might potentially hinder essential innovations further downstream in the course of scientific research and product development, because each upstream patent allows its owner to create another obstacle on the road to product development, adding to the cost and slowing the pace of downstream innovation. In order to deal with this dilemma, great care is needed for a reasonable balance to be found between the promotion of competition, the enhancement of scientific research, and the protection of intellectual property rights. To keep such a reasonable balance, each new technology has necessitated modifications to the law. Aware of that fact, the European Union enacted Directive 98/44/EC to clarify the issues surrounding the patenting of human genes. While this was a welcome progress, it has generated fundamental questions of its own. Also, in the U.S. and Japan the patentability of human genes is under debate. While these patent systems have a great deal in common, they reveal also fundamental differences with regard to the patentability of biotechnological inventions. Thus, the Trilateral Projects between the EPO, JPO and USTPO have attempted to clarify their respective doctrine further. This course will concentrate on the requirements that have to be fulfilled by human genomic inventions in order to be patentable in the US and Europe. Students will learn about the interpretation of the patentability requirements by European and U.S. courts and the legislative framework that serves as the basis for their decisions. Moreover, we will examine how the patent granting authorities in Europe and the U.S. apply these rules. This will serve as a basis for a discussion on how the rules should be interpreted in the light of the rationales for patent law.
(added 8/07)
Law 276 Personal Income Tax. A study of the federal income tax laws as they affect individuals. Major topics include: identification of income, deductions, exclusions, and credits; assignment of income; timing principles; capital gains and losses; and deferral and nonrecognition provisions. Three credit hours.

Law 468 Practical Litigation: From Start to Finish. The intent of this course is to give aspiring lawyers a taste of what it is really like to litigate matters in state and federal court in Illinois and throughout the United States. The course will cover initial case evaluation, preparation of the Complaint or Answer to the Complaint (including applicable affirmative defenses), motion practice intended to narrow triable issues, discovery (written and oral), and trial preparation. In other words, the course will cover practical litigation skills necessary to handle a case from start to finish - the things that many lawyers say "they don't teach you in law school." The course will address only civil litigation, not criminal. Two credit hours.
(added 11/06)

Law 271 Practice Before the Federal Circuit. This unique course will focus on the practice of law before the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (CAFC). The CAFC has exclusive appellate jurisdiction to hear patent cases and appeals from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, as well as cases involving several non-patent related issues. Prerequisite: You must have taken, or presently be taking, Patent Law. Course Requirements: (1) The course will begin in September, but will also include several classes in January. Students will be required to attend class on most Mondays during the Fall semester from 7:35 - 9:25 p.m. (2) Students will be required to compete in the Chicago-Kent intramural Giles Rich Moot Court Competition, submitting an appellate brief and presenting an oral argument on a Saturday afternoon in January. The problem used for the intramural competition will consist of the Giles Rich Moot Court Problem. Such problems frequently involve patent law and occasionally trademark or trade secret law. Why take this course? This course will teach you appellate advocacy, both with respect to how to identify the issues and write a convincing appellate brief and how to prepare for, and present, a winning oral argument. Top students in the class will be invited (but not required) to represent the school in the Giles Rich Moot Court Competition. Chicago-Kent students taking this course last year placed second in the Midwest Regional Competition and advanced to the National Competition in Washington, D.C. Two credit hours.
(revised 4/04)

Law 470 Practicum in Business Transactions. This course will introduce students to "real life" business transactions through a series of simulations. The transactions covered will include business acquisitions and combinations (M&A), joint ventures, project finance and other financings, purchase and sale arrangements, licensing arrangements, distribution arrangements, and dispute resolutions. Students will work in teams on opposite sides of a transaction and will walk through all stages in the evolutions of a transaction (planning, negotiating, drafting, closing). Time permitting, ancillary issues such as tax and regulatory matters will also be considered. Two credit hours.
(added 11/06)

Law 350 Products Liability. A study of the source, development, and limits of the law of products liability, including theories of liability rooted in negligence, warranty, and strict liability and the liability of sellers, manufacturers, and others to users, bystanders, and other parties for "defective" products. Two credit hours.

Law 434 Property Rights and Social Conflict. This course will explore the role of property rights in resolving current social conflicts. We will cover a significant range of topics, many of which are taught more comprehensively in other courses, but the purpose of addressing them here is to discuss how we use the idea of property rights in a wide array of areas as tools for resolving social issues. We will begin by looking at some general material on the nature of rights, including who/what is entitled to be a rights-bearer, and from there look more specifically at the nature and extent of property rights. Following this general and theoretical introduction we will move on to an exploration of how and why the constitution protects property. In this section we will also look at examples of how other nations with newer constitutions have chosen to protect property interests. Given that many current constitutional property rights cases -- the regulatory takings cases -- concern the impact of conservation policies, our constitutional discussion will be followed by a section focusing more broadly on property rights and the environment. In particular, it will examine whether property rights are effective or alternatively ineffective as tools for environmental protection. From here we will move into areas of discussion that overlap with intellectual property -- in particular the nature of property rights in personal information, genetic information, aspects of human reproduction and body parts and substances. Following this exploration of property rights in what we might consider deeply personal material, we move on to a discussion of property rights in uniquely cultural material, cultural property, and traditional knowledge. In this section we will also address property in its temporal dimension (historic injustices) through the concepts of reparation and repatriation. If you wish to receive seminar credit for this course, please see Professor Harding. Three credit hours.
(added 11/04)

Law 464 Public Interest Law and Policy. This course offers an overview of the issues faced by lawyers representing low income clients and lawyers who serve under-represented and disenfranchised groups. The course will begin with an investigation of the meaning of public interest law. The bulk of the course will cover the key cases decided and legislation passed since the 1960s when the Johnson Administration launched its war on poverty in the United States. These cases may include court decisions and legislation affecting income support for low income people including federal welfare programs, social security and state general assistance programs. Low income housing, medical care, nutrition and access to courts may also be explored. In addition, the course will explore ethical issues that arise when lawyers represent low income clients and professionalism questions that are raised by the special role lawyers play in providing access to justice. Three credit hours.
(added 4/06)

Law 469 Real Estate Fundamentals and Syndications. This course will take a practical approach to understanding current issues in real estate. Covered topics will include syndications, tax and securities law implications, real estate financing, zoning and land use, title and survey review, leases, condominium development, closing and post closing issues, Forcible Entry and Detainer, and commercial real estate asset management. Two credit hours.
(added 11/06)
Law 433 Religion and the Law. The goal of this course is to understand the tensions between religious beliefs and practices and the claims of civil society and its governments. A selection of historical materials will be analyzed to provide a variety of ways such issues have arisen. Examples from countries with other practices and traditions will assist in understanding the issues that face the United States internally and in its relations with the rest of the world. A part of the course will cover the particular U.S. formulations, whether as constitutional issues under the First Amendment, as favorable taxation treatments, as issues in enforcement of the police powers, as operations of public welfare, as questions of education goals, or as controversies in public policy. Three credit hours.
(added 4/04)

Law 280 Remedies. The course addresses the forms of relief available through the judicial process. Among the topics covered are equitable remedies such as injunctions and specific performance; damages; restitution; remedies for injuries to tangible and intangible property, personal injuries, breach of contract, and invasions of civil rights. Three credit hours.

Law 377 School Law. This course briefly explores the historical underpinnings and the sources of state and federal power relating to an entitlement that we take for granted: free public education. Additional topics include many issues that are continually in the news and in the courts: church-state conflicts (especially school prayer and school vouchers); desegregation, school financing, student disability accommodations, free speech issues (both students and teachers); and other student rights (including locker searches, dress codes, and due process). Two credit hours.
(revised 4/07)

Law 361 Securities Regulation. A study of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Among the topics included are: the registration and distribution of securities by issuers; exemptions from the registration requirements; offerings by underwriters and dealings; reorganizations; federal disclosure obligations; regulation of the securities markets, broker-dealers, proxy rules, tender offers, and civil liabilities for insider trading, Rule lOb-5 and shout-swing profits. Three credit hours.
Law 460 Sexual Orientation and the Law. Despite important recent changes at the local, state, and national levels, and in some foreign countries and the European Union, to protect gay men, lesbians, bisexuals, and transgendered persons (LGBT) from discrimination and to recognize same-sex relationships, society’s attitude toward homosexuality and transgendered issues continues to be ambivalent. This is especially true in respect to marriage and child rearing, as we see in the current debates over same-sex marriage, but it is also found in the attitudes of states that fail to protect against public and private employment discrimination, and in the federal government’s “Don’t Ask/Don’t Tell” policy to keep openly gay persons from serving in the military. This course/seminar will explore the possibility of finding a legal, philosophical or political framework for approaching LGBT issues by critically looking at various conceptions of homosexuality and society’s purported justifications for affecting this behavior, against its broader concerns for guaranteeing social liberty and human equality. It will then apply this understanding to the interaction between gays and the criminal justice system; discrimination in public employment (including military service) and private employment; first amendment issues posed by gay teachers in public schools and universities; the legal problems faced in establishing same-sex relationships (especially
marriage) in Massachusetts and elsewhere; and the legal problems gay people confront in matters pertaining to child custody and visitation rights. Central to the course will be locating possible interpretations for the Supreme Court’s 2003 interpretation in Lawrence v. Texas, and its 1996 decision in Romer v. Texas. This particular area of the law is really several areas as they relate to gays, lesbians, bisexuals and transgendered people. LGBT have been a kind of exception to the way the law traditionally operates, and this exception cannot usually be made sense of in terms of traditional legal thinking. For this reason the course will engage a certain degree of theoretical abstraction to undersand, clarify and hopefuly improve the law in these areas. Two credit hours.
(revised 11/07)
Law 333 Sports Law. This course explores the contract, labor law and antitrust problems facing professional and collegiate athletic institutions and athletes. Principles of negotiation and ethical considerations are also considered. Two credit hours.

Law 216 Sports, Law and Society. This course will address sports, society, and law as a dynamic function of history, economics, and culture in America. The focus will be on legal issues unique to professional and amateur sports, including (a) the paradox of sports as a business that embraces competition on the field but not off, (b) the entertainment value of sports as a function of hero worship and the vicarious pursuit of personal identity, (c) the history and influence of society on sports, and (d) the effect of sports on society, including politics (Muhammad Ali), business (the Jordan effect), and sociology (such as the 18-year continuum from Jesse Owens to Satchel Paige, Jackie Robinson, and ultimately Brown v. Board of Education). Topics will include the baseball antitrust exemption, athlete eligibility, due process, sports injuries and violence, the evolution of sports broadcasting, Title IX, disabled athletes, drugs, and such contemporary issues as the Cubs rooftop cases, baseball steroids, and sports violence. Two credit hours.
(added 11/04)

Law 245 State and Local Government Law. In 1805 there lived a total of approximately 5.3 million people in the United States B far fewer than the 6 million people who today live in Massachusetts or any of 15 other States of the Union. In 1828 James Fenimore Cooper, an American born commentator on American life, took note of the burgeoning population growth and projected that in one hundred years America's population might reach "near or quite 100 million." Continue Cooper, "the first impression that strike the mind is the impossibility that 100 million people should consent to live quietly under the same government." Today's population, of course, is not only much larger but is far more diverse than Cooper imagined. One of the reasons our country has been able to grow and still remain united, ironically, is that under our federal system much political power is decentralized at the state, local, and other subfederal levels. And that is what this course is about: the decentralization of power. The course explores the conflicts inherent in the allocation of power between the national, state, and local governments. It tries to answer questions like: Why do we still have states? What are the maximal powers that states and local governments have, and should have, to create environments that both shape and reflect their citizens' desires? In answering these and related questions the course will look to both law and political theory. Explored in detail will be many of the constitutional doctrines that define our country's federal structure. Also examined will be vital doctrines concerning local government formation and annexation, statutory and home rule powers, the relationships between local governments (including city : suburb), participation in local government, as well as important issues in taxation and finance. Three credit hours.
(revised 4/07)
Law 477 Strategic Counseling to International Clients. This course is designed to introduce foreign lawyers to legal issues facing international organizations wishing to invest in the United States. From the planning phase to the actual implementation of the investment, students will be involved in all practical aspects of strategically counseling international clients to identify issues, prevent liability, and overcome legal barriers associated with their business pursuits in the U.S. The course is open only to exchange students and students in the LL.M. Program in International and Comparative Law. Two credit hours.
(added 8/07)

Law 309 Strategies in Intellectual Property Law. This course is one of the three ways in which students participating in the Intellectual Property certificate Program can satisfy the requirement of a Capstone Experience. (The Capstone Experience requirement may also be satisfied by participation in the Intellectual Property Law – Patent Clinic, or the completion of an Intellectual Property Externship). The course may be taken only by J.D. students enrolled in the Intellectual Property Certificate Program. It is intended to be taken in the last year of legal studies. This is a problem-solving course that will bring together learning from different intellectual property courses and from non-intellectual property courses, bringing home the inter-relationships between different bodies of law and asking students to apply that knowledge to a concrete problem faced by a fictional client. The course will be taught by several faculty members. During some class meetings, the class will meet as a group. Between these "team" meetings, the class will break into smaller groups (of approximately 8-12 students). These smaller groups will work with teams of two faculty in researching and discussing particular parts of the overall problem, will make oral reports to other members of the small group, and after the small group decides on the appropriate strategy will make oral and brief written reports to the entire class. The entire class will then discuss how best to advise the client to proceed and how best to effectuate the social and commercial objectives of the client. The course is intended to allow students to develop an appreciation of the contexts in which intellectual property problems arise, how to apply knowledge developed in intellectual property and other courses to a concrete problem, the considerations (legal and non-legal) that guide how lawyers approach those problems, and the real-life dynamics that affect the practi